| Router Functionalities | | | | 54Mbps. |
| Firewall | | | | DSSS: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum use |
| Firewalls are ideal for home networks. They help | | | | wideband signals that are not easy to detect and |
| in protecting home use computers by stalling the | | | | resists jamming attempts. |
| destructive efforts of other official websites and | | | | Security |
| potential hackers. This software or hardware | | | | Today no home and office network is secure. To |
| device filters the information coming through the | | | | counter the hacking efforts of hackers, look for |
| internet connection, flagging the information that is | | | | good built-in security functionalities. These will |
| not to be allowed through. You can find some | | | | ensure that your system doesn't slow down, |
| such models at: | | | | those within the range of your wireless are not |
| VPN Pass through | | | | able to view your files, emails, instant messages, |
| VPN pass through feature of routers allows traffic | | | | usernames and passwords. Depending on the |
| between the endpoints and does not support one | | | | security features you can also block spams, illegal |
| of the endpoints. This feature is ideal for routers | | | | activities with your internet connection and |
| of home use or small office setups; they are less | | | | prevent loading of dangerous software. |
| expensive than a router with full VPN that | | | | This however doesn't mean your network is |
| supports the endpoints. | | | | completely secure. |
| DHCP server | | | | Some steps that can be taken are: |
| Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) | | | | Enable WEP, wired equivalent privacy encryption |
| servers can be implemented for windows based | | | | provides security to WLANS. The WEP keys |
| system. The server automatically assigns an IP | | | | encrypt the data stream. |
| address to the computer's TCP/IP stack | | | | Turning on WPA encryption. The Wi-Fi protected |
| software. | | | | access adds on the authentication and encryption |
| Wireless Access Point | | | | features WEP explained above. |
| The performance of your network will depend on | | | | TKIP, Temporal Key Integrity Protocol covers up |
| signal strength of the wireless access point. | | | | for the encryption weaknesses of WEP. |
| Before you position it, find out the exact location | | | | WPA2 protection is the latest one and provides |
| from where it will give the maximum network | | | | high level of protection. |
| range. | | | | Enable wireless MAC Address filtering. |
| DSL Modem | | | | WEP Encryption length |
| Digital Subscriber Line modems are faster than | | | | The WEP encryption is based on a combination of |
| regular modems and can use the existing phone | | | | secret user keys and system generated values. |
| lines. Both internet connection and phone lines for | | | | The key encrypts and de-encrypts the data that |
| telephone calls can be used simultaneously. | | | | is transferred between the access points and the |
| Voice over IP gateway | | | | clients. There are two versions: |
| VoIP routers have both wireless networking | | | | The earlier version supported 40-bit encryption; |
| feature and telephone terminal adapters. With this | | | | the key length was 40 bits and 24 additional bits |
| feature the network can access both Internet | | | | of system generated data, thus a total of 64 bits. |
| and voice communications. | | | | Easy decoding of 40 bit WEP encryption |
| Protocols | | | | encouraged vendors to go in for 128-bit |
| These are formats for transferring data between | | | | encryption. 128-bit encryption has a key length of |
| the various devices. The protocols determine the | | | | 104 bits. |
| various aspects of the data like compression | | | | Antenna Type |
| types, delivery and retrieval by devices and error | | | | The omni directional antenna of routers broadcast |
| checking. The standard protocols differ in their | | | | 360degrees around the router. Position them in |
| various features, so in order to communicate with | | | | such a way that you can make the most of the |
| other computers correct protocols must be | | | | radiating signals. |
| selected. | | | | External antennas can add strength significantly, |
| Internet Protocol (IP) enables unique addressing | | | | thus giving a wider range and increased network |
| for computers. | | | | performance when compared with the |
| When used with transport control protocol, it is | | | | performance of in-built antennas. |
| referred as TCP/IP. | | | | Detachable antennas disable 802.11a lower band |
| The newer IP version 6 is referred as IPv6. This | | | | communications when detached. On attaching the |
| version addresses 16 bytes in length. | | | | antenna the lower band is enabled. Thus they can |
| DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | | | | be screwed into the device and can be upgraded |
| assigns dynamic IP addresses to devices on a | | | | easily. |
| network. | | | | The third type is the internal integrated antennas. |
| Routing Protocols | | | | These antennas are built-in, and hence cannot be |
| The information packets have to be routed by a | | | | changed or directed. |
| series of routers to get to its destination. Latest | | | | Brand Name |
| routers automatically exchange route information | | | | Wireless routers are still evolving, and at this |
| with other routers through the use of routing | | | | infant stage it will do good to stick to one brand. |
| protocols. | | | | Switching between brands can lead to |
| While configuring the router on your own, you | | | | compatibility problems. Linksys and Netgear |
| have to choose what types of routing protocol | | | | wireless routers are among the few companies |
| you have to install and configure. | | | | that have the highest wireless router ratings a |
| RIP version-1: It is a dynamic protocol and | | | | company can get. |
| automatically figures routing tables on its own, | | | | Linksys |
| thus manual inputs are not required. | | | | Linksys wireless routers are easy to install and |
| Encryption Standards | | | | are reputed to give good performance and signal |
| This feature configures the virtual private | | | | range. The various features that the router |
| network, encryption hardware advanced | | | | supports are protection from hackers with NAT |
| integration modules and the network modules. | | | | technology, VPN pass through, and can encrypt all |
| Data Encryption Standard - applies 56-bit key to | | | | wireless transmissions. Most of its models have |
| 64-bit block of data. This is the most commonly | | | | excellent performance and extremely useful |
| used encryption standard. A single key is used | | | | support features. Some of the features are the |
| which is very difficult to break. | | | | firewall and routing capabilities, MAC address |
| Triple DES (3DES) - applies 3 keys in succession | | | | filtering and virtual server support. Most of the |
| making it more difficult to break the code. | | | | models are easy to configure with the |
| Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) will be the | | | | browser-based configuration. |
| next encryption standard for commercial | | | | Netgear |
| transactions in the private sector. | | | | Netgear wireless routers have not only superior |
| MD5 | | | | looks but also good signal strength and wider |
| SHA 1 | | | | range. Security features are good and are taken |
| Modulation | | | | care of with WPA-PSK, WEP (128-bit). Netgear |
| There are many standards of modulation. The | | | | markets wide range of wireless routers for home |
| most commonly used types are: | | | | networking as well as business networking. The |
| QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, a | | | | selling factors are ease of use, reliability, quality |
| dominant modulation technique for high speed | | | | and security. |
| digital signals. | | | | Apple |
| CCK: Complimentary Code Keying is a modulation | | | | Customers loyal to this brand can go in for |
| scheme to operate in data speeds up to 11Mbps | | | | wireless routers of this brand; they are however |
| in the RF band. | | | | priced higher than models of other brands with |
| OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency division multiplexing | | | | similar features. Security and support features are |
| modulation is used for even higher speeds of | | | | good. |